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Conditional indexing
Katherine Walker
https://doi.org/10.48273/LOT0678
This thesis investigates conditional indexing in argument marking systems from a typological perspective, as well as providing a case study on Kamang, an endangered Alor-Pantar language of Indonesia. Conditional indexing – a type of Differential Argument Marking – is a system in which a particular argument is indexed (i.e., marked on the verb), not indexed, or indexed differently under certain conditions.
The typological study shows that conditional indexing of core argument roles S, A, and P is widespread, and that systems are frequently multifactorial. Different condition profiles are found for each role: TAMEP (tense, aspect, mood, evidentiality, polarity) is more frequent for S and A compared to P, and verb class is more frequent for S and P compared to A. Referential conditions (person/number, animacy, discourse status) are common in all roles, and higher referentiality correlates with greater likelihood of overt indexing compared to zero indexing.
Two case studies investigate conditional indexing in Kamang, which indexes S and P via several prefix paradigms or zero indexing. A quantitative discourse study explores referential conditions, including animacy and topicality, revealing different preferences for different prefixes. A qualitative study focuses on the event-semantic conditioning of one of the prefix paradigms. This prefix occurs in elaboration constructions, which shift the viewpoint to the middle and end of an event, and share properties with middle and resultative constructions in other languages. Each study contributes to an enhanced understanding of Kamang’s multifactorial conditional-indexing system, in which lexical restrictions play a major role.
Fragments of Languages: From ‘Restsprachen’ to Contemporary Endangered Languages
Daniele Baglioni & Luca Rigobianco (Hrsg.)
https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004694637
The book deals with the concept of fragmentation as applied to languages and their documentation. It focuses in particular on the theoretical and methodological consequences of such a fragmentation for the linguistic analysis and interpretation of texts and, hence, for the reconstruction of languages. Furthermore, by adopting an innovative perspective, the book aims to test the application of the concept of fragmentation to languages which are not commonly included in the categories of ‘Corpussprache’, ‘Trümmersprache’, and ‘Restsprache’. This is the case with diachronic or diatopic varieties — of even well-known languages — which are only attested through a limited corpus of texts as well as with endangered languages. In this latter case, not only is the documentation fragmented, but the very linguistic competence of the speakers, due to the reduction of contexts of language use, interference phenomena with majority languages, and consequent presence of semi-speakers.
Language, creoles, varieties: From emergence to transmission
Cyrille Granget, Isabel Repiso & Guillaume Fon Sing (Hrsg.)
https://langsci-press.org/catalog/book/409
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10280493
This book offers a selection of papers dealing with second language acquisition, foreign language teaching and creole linguistics inspired by the scientific legacy of Mauritian-born scholar Georges Daniel Véronique (Port-Louis, 1948). An important part of the book is devoted to the description of learner varieties with a focus on sociolinguistic factors, such as the learner situation – from asylum seekers to Erasmus students –, the degree of familiarity with the target language – having or not previous knowledge about a genetically related language –, the degree of literacy, and the type of instruction. Linguistic complexity, case marking, the use of self-positioning pronouns, verbal morphology and aspectual values are among the linguistic phenomena analyzed by the authors having contributed to this part of the volume. Another part of this volume deals with language didactics and addresses the questions of whether manipulating specific constructions from a usage-based perspective and a focus-on-form approach do indeed aid beginner learners to acquire complex forms in L2 German and nominal forms in L2 Polish, respectively. It also explores how some educational policies in Sweden have affected both the offer of French as a Foreign Language and its demand by students. The contributions to creole studies present diachronic analyses targeting the /z/ plural marking in Réunion creole, Fa d’Ambô and spoken French, and a set of NPs found in two speeches pronounced in 1835 on the island of Agaléga by a coconut oil producer whose features are similar to Mauritian creole. Linguistic, social and historical factors are at the center of these contributions.
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